On more than one occasion, I have seen that nothing moves my little child as much as music does. With both his grandmothers teaching music and his parents humming away all the time (and admonished all the time for not practising), one could say that he has had a good exposure to music. When he was a very young baby, playing Nagaraj and Manjunath's violin would soothe him even during the worst colic-related tantrum. As he grew up, 'shuddha brahma parAtpara rAma'became one of his regular lullabies. With watching and listening to the Baby Einstein videos, came introduction to Western music also. Some of our young cousins and our driver have taken care to expose him to the new Kannada movie-songs too. But what has really amazed me is his love for the Bhadrachala Ramadaasa kritis.
Actually, the credit for making Biyadiya fall in love with the Bhadrachala Ramadasa kritis, goes to R. He started singing 'palukE bangAramAyena' to him, a few months ago, and he loved it. Then, one day, to quiten him, I played the song from the internet to him. Needless to say, he enjoyed it, background music and all. And one day, the cassette happened to appear right next to the tape-player (hey, I'm nothing if not lazy!), and I played it for him. That has gradually become a ritual. On seven days out of ten, he asks me to play the cassette at bedtime. Initially he used to wait for his favorite songs - palukE bangAramAyena and pAhi rAmaprabhO, but now he listens to all of them with rapt attention.
Being of a nature not so steady as his in matters such as these, I got bored of listening to the cassette over and over again. But of late (from the past four or five days), after I really started paying attention to the lyrics and the music, I have begun to enjoy the music almost as much as my little bundle of joy does. Ramadasa's poetry is wonderful. The sentiments expressed in each song is not just devotion to the Lord, but longing for a parent and the familiarity of a friend. For example, in 'ikShvAku kula tilaka', Ramadaasa asks
'kaliki turAyi meluvaka chEyisti ramachandra
kulukuchu tirugedavO evarappa sommani rAmachandra'. (Rama, I got a nice crown made for you. You are flaunting it like it is your Father's jewel!) Continuing, he says
'bhaktulaMdarini paripAliMcEDi sree rAmacaMdra
neevu kshEmamuga sree rAmadAsuni Elu rAmacaMdra'
This beautiful mix of sentiments - of viewing the Lord as the protector, a parent, a brother and a friend whom you can admonish, is what makes these compositions so dear and close to the heart.
In my opinion (fervent, as I have been on a high dose of Ramadasa for the past few days), these kritis are more egalitarian and down-to-earth than the great saint Tyagaraja's kritis. (Tyagaraja composed many, many more kritis than Ramadasa, so really, they ought not to be compared.) And of course, nearly half of the credit for making these songs so likable, goes to Dr.Balamurali Krishna. The music composition is just impeccable, and I defy any musician to compose the tune better than him. His rendition of these kritis is also superb. The forlornness experienced in 'E tIruga nannu' (nAdanAmakriyA), the confidence exuded in 'takkuvEmi manaku rAmuNDokkaDuNDu varaku'(sUryakAnti), the slyness in 'nannu brOvamani cheppavE' (kalyANi) are all brought out beautifully.
For me and little Biyadiya, it is musical heaven, almost every night!
Monday, February 25, 2008
Tuesday, January 29, 2008
Sringeri - God's own abode
grahEShu dhAriNI ramyA tatra ramyA dharAdharAH |
abhibhUtAsmi tatrApi pashchimAdrErvishEShataH ||
ग्रहेषु धारिणी रम्या तत्र रम्या धराधरा: ।
अभिभूतास्मि तत्रापि पश्चिमाद्रेर्विशेषतः ॥
I have professed my love for the hills and valleys of Malnad in an earlier post. No place in the world I have visited hitherto, has moved me as much as malenaaDu has. I read Kuvempu's 'malenADina chitragaLu' and similar works with greed. The reason is not just that the place is beautiful, it is something much more than that, something that I cannot put my finger upon. Though my trips there have been short, they influence me in undescribable ways. I always get the feeling that I am visiting home, during my travels to that area.
It was, therefore, with great enthusiasm (tempered with a little apprehension because my little son was to accompany us) that I prepared for our weekend trip to Sringeri. As Mother Sharada willed it, we did not get tickets for the Rajahamsa bus, and we had to take the ordinary bus which was euphemistically called an express. After a slightly uncomfortable journey, we alighted near the Sharada temple, the cold breeze biting into our hands and faces.
Sringeri is a place made famous by Shri ShankarAchArya. Legend says that the Acharya, during his travels, saw a cobra sheltering a pregnant frog from the heat of the Sun, on the banks of the Tunga river. He established the dakShiNAmnAya peetham, and made SureshwarAchArya, one of his chief disciples, the head of the peetham. Shri Bharatitirtha, an eminent scholar, is the present pontiff, and comes from an unbroken line of highly accomplished aacharyas.
There are two main temples in the complex. One is the temple dedicated to Mother Sharada, and the other one is the Vidyashankara temple. Vidyashankara temple was got constructed by Vidyaranya, the preceptor of Harihara and Bukka. The temple architecture is a beautiful icon of Shaiva-Vaishnava harmony, with imposing sculptures of the dashaavataaras along one half of the temple walls, and sculptures of Shiva on the other half. The inside of the temple is extremely soothing and peaceful. Biyadiya liked this temple the best, probably because he got to test his climbing skills (the steps are a little steep for a kid).
Of course, this is only the religious face of the Shankara matha (I hate calling it mutt). Borrowing words from Jane Austen, I can say that I have never seen a place for which Nature has done more, or where natural beauty has been so little counteracted by an awkward taste. The lamps in the Narasimhavana (the grove next to the temple), are all solar. Right next to it flows the beautiful but dangerous Tunga river. The fish in the river are taken care of by the matha. Needless to say, this was the little one's favorite part of the trip! There is a deer park nearby, also maintained by the matha. And the biggest attraction for me in all the temples of Udupi and South Canara, is the food. Hot and fresh and yummy. Before you know it, the plate is empty and you are left waiting for the next item, in spite of the serving being superfast and the helpings large. Even my son, the slowest and most picky eater I have seen till now, liked the food. An added aspect at the Shringeri Matha is that the food is cooked mainly using solar energy. It behooves us to take this leaf out of the Shrimatha's book!
After a brief rest in the afternoon, we left for a place called Hariharapura, a short distance away from Sringeri. Hariharapura houses another famous matha and a temple, whose main deity is Narasimha.
But the best attraction of Hariharapura has to be the Prabodhini gurukula . We crossed a small suspension bridge with a breathtaking view, to reach the gurukula. It is a gurukula in every sense of the word, with affectionate teachers (as far as we saw them) and lively children. Though I have my own reservations about residential schools, I really liked this gurukula. The students of the gurukula are taught organic farming and yoga along with Physics and Chemistry and the Vedas and fine arts. Not to mention discipline. There is an icon of Lord Krishna, sculpted by the students and worshipped by the students. The names of the classes are also interesting - ShraddhA, mEdhA, prajnA, etc., all very desirable qualities. Many of the gurukula's students have gone on to study various branches of Sciences and Arts. A few continue their studies at the Veda Vijnaana Gurukula near Bangalore, and join Prabodhini Gurukula as Acharyas. This school also conducts summer camps for children aged 13-14 years.
From Hariharapura we went to Kigga. Kigga is a very small town, recently in the news for Naxal activity. The Sun was already setting by then. The orange rays of the Sun played with the green leaves to create a heavenly effect. The temperature had fallen by this time, and it was very pleasant. How anybody can dare to disturb the peace of these small hamlets, is more than I can comprehend. Kigga has the temple of Rishyashringeshwara, the form of Shiva worshipped by the deer-horned sage, Rishyashringa. A rare and unexpected treat awaited us by the time we exited the temple. It was already dark by then, and power went off. We just happened to look up, and the night-sky was revealed to us in all its glory. For us city slickers, this kind of a view is as exciting as sighting a UFO.
Much can be said about the beauty of the Sringeri and the nearby hills. We did not pass by the Charmudi ghats this time. We could have possibly included Horanaadu or Agumbe, but after a terribly hectic one-day trip to Madurai last month(I was dreaming of Saravana Bhavan, but all of us had to settle for a banana and a couple of kODubaLes each, because we did not have time to dine!), we played it safe and stuck to Sringeri and a couple of the places that were very near, and enjoyed every minute of it.
R says that I love the place so much because of the novelty (I was brought up in Bellary, and live in Bangalore), but I refuse to believe that. Maharashtra did not inspire me with the same kind of devotion and awe and love, even though the beautiful Bhimashankar situated amidst the Sahyadri range is worth more than just a visit.
Our return journey was a day-journey. Biyadiya and some of the others fell asleep as soon as we got into the bus. I picked up my book to read, but shut it within two minutes. I could read the book any other time, but these hills and valleys would elude me for at least another year or two. The diversity of the flora struck me as I looked out of the window. Sometime I have to trek in these parts, just to observe the plants. I am sure that such a thing is not going to happen soon, but till then, I have memories of this trip to keep replaying in my mind.
abhibhUtAsmi tatrApi pashchimAdrErvishEShataH ||
ग्रहेषु धारिणी रम्या तत्र रम्या धराधरा: ।
अभिभूतास्मि तत्रापि पश्चिमाद्रेर्विशेषतः ॥
I have professed my love for the hills and valleys of Malnad in an earlier post. No place in the world I have visited hitherto, has moved me as much as malenaaDu has. I read Kuvempu's 'malenADina chitragaLu' and similar works with greed. The reason is not just that the place is beautiful, it is something much more than that, something that I cannot put my finger upon. Though my trips there have been short, they influence me in undescribable ways. I always get the feeling that I am visiting home, during my travels to that area.
It was, therefore, with great enthusiasm (tempered with a little apprehension because my little son was to accompany us) that I prepared for our weekend trip to Sringeri. As Mother Sharada willed it, we did not get tickets for the Rajahamsa bus, and we had to take the ordinary bus which was euphemistically called an express. After a slightly uncomfortable journey, we alighted near the Sharada temple, the cold breeze biting into our hands and faces.
Sringeri is a place made famous by Shri ShankarAchArya. Legend says that the Acharya, during his travels, saw a cobra sheltering a pregnant frog from the heat of the Sun, on the banks of the Tunga river. He established the dakShiNAmnAya peetham, and made SureshwarAchArya, one of his chief disciples, the head of the peetham. Shri Bharatitirtha, an eminent scholar, is the present pontiff, and comes from an unbroken line of highly accomplished aacharyas.
There are two main temples in the complex. One is the temple dedicated to Mother Sharada, and the other one is the Vidyashankara temple. Vidyashankara temple was got constructed by Vidyaranya, the preceptor of Harihara and Bukka. The temple architecture is a beautiful icon of Shaiva-Vaishnava harmony, with imposing sculptures of the dashaavataaras along one half of the temple walls, and sculptures of Shiva on the other half. The inside of the temple is extremely soothing and peaceful. Biyadiya liked this temple the best, probably because he got to test his climbing skills (the steps are a little steep for a kid).
Of course, this is only the religious face of the Shankara matha (I hate calling it mutt). Borrowing words from Jane Austen, I can say that I have never seen a place for which Nature has done more, or where natural beauty has been so little counteracted by an awkward taste. The lamps in the Narasimhavana (the grove next to the temple), are all solar. Right next to it flows the beautiful but dangerous Tunga river. The fish in the river are taken care of by the matha. Needless to say, this was the little one's favorite part of the trip! There is a deer park nearby, also maintained by the matha. And the biggest attraction for me in all the temples of Udupi and South Canara, is the food. Hot and fresh and yummy. Before you know it, the plate is empty and you are left waiting for the next item, in spite of the serving being superfast and the helpings large. Even my son, the slowest and most picky eater I have seen till now, liked the food. An added aspect at the Shringeri Matha is that the food is cooked mainly using solar energy. It behooves us to take this leaf out of the Shrimatha's book!
After a brief rest in the afternoon, we left for a place called Hariharapura, a short distance away from Sringeri. Hariharapura houses another famous matha and a temple, whose main deity is Narasimha.
But the best attraction of Hariharapura has to be the Prabodhini gurukula . We crossed a small suspension bridge with a breathtaking view, to reach the gurukula. It is a gurukula in every sense of the word, with affectionate teachers (as far as we saw them) and lively children. Though I have my own reservations about residential schools, I really liked this gurukula. The students of the gurukula are taught organic farming and yoga along with Physics and Chemistry and the Vedas and fine arts. Not to mention discipline. There is an icon of Lord Krishna, sculpted by the students and worshipped by the students. The names of the classes are also interesting - ShraddhA, mEdhA, prajnA, etc., all very desirable qualities. Many of the gurukula's students have gone on to study various branches of Sciences and Arts. A few continue their studies at the Veda Vijnaana Gurukula near Bangalore, and join Prabodhini Gurukula as Acharyas. This school also conducts summer camps for children aged 13-14 years.
From Hariharapura we went to Kigga. Kigga is a very small town, recently in the news for Naxal activity. The Sun was already setting by then. The orange rays of the Sun played with the green leaves to create a heavenly effect. The temperature had fallen by this time, and it was very pleasant. How anybody can dare to disturb the peace of these small hamlets, is more than I can comprehend. Kigga has the temple of Rishyashringeshwara, the form of Shiva worshipped by the deer-horned sage, Rishyashringa. A rare and unexpected treat awaited us by the time we exited the temple. It was already dark by then, and power went off. We just happened to look up, and the night-sky was revealed to us in all its glory. For us city slickers, this kind of a view is as exciting as sighting a UFO.
Much can be said about the beauty of the Sringeri and the nearby hills. We did not pass by the Charmudi ghats this time. We could have possibly included Horanaadu or Agumbe, but after a terribly hectic one-day trip to Madurai last month(I was dreaming of Saravana Bhavan, but all of us had to settle for a banana and a couple of kODubaLes each, because we did not have time to dine!), we played it safe and stuck to Sringeri and a couple of the places that were very near, and enjoyed every minute of it.
R says that I love the place so much because of the novelty (I was brought up in Bellary, and live in Bangalore), but I refuse to believe that. Maharashtra did not inspire me with the same kind of devotion and awe and love, even though the beautiful Bhimashankar situated amidst the Sahyadri range is worth more than just a visit.
Our return journey was a day-journey. Biyadiya and some of the others fell asleep as soon as we got into the bus. I picked up my book to read, but shut it within two minutes. I could read the book any other time, but these hills and valleys would elude me for at least another year or two. The diversity of the flora struck me as I looked out of the window. Sometime I have to trek in these parts, just to observe the plants. I am sure that such a thing is not going to happen soon, but till then, I have memories of this trip to keep replaying in my mind.
Thursday, January 03, 2008
Bhai-Bhai
The other day, we went to a nearby park with little Biyadiya. This one, near my house, is frequented by all nearby kids, including kids from nearby construction sites who do not know any language other than Tamil. It is a great experience to watch all these kids treating one another as just playmates, no strings attached.
That evening, there were two kids, who were evidently Muslims. The boy was young, five or six years old, with a skullcap on. The girl was slightly older, and wearing a worked-on red churidar. Both of them were conversing in Urdu. Now there are three slides in the park, one for big kids and two that are more toddler-friendly. While my little one is not scared of slides, he is usually reluctant to actually slide. This girl held him while he slid down, like the protective elder sister. The boy then tried to climb up the slide, but his big toe got stuck in a hole on the slide (did I mention that this park is maintained by the BDA?). He started crying. R tried to take his toe out, but it was stuck tight. The girl then cried "arey, Allah ka naam le ke nikaalo, aa jayega!". After some struggle, the toe came out, and everybody was happy.
I was amazed at the girl's maturity. She was helping kids onto swings and merry-go-rounds, held on to little Biyadiya because he was not comfortable sliding down the slide. She was but only slightly older than the boy, but had already taken on the role of a nurturer, a person who was capable of comforting others. One may say that girls are wired that way, but this one was extraordinary. She was far too intelligent, nay, mature for her age. What would she grow up to be? Would she grow up to be a Benazir Bhutto or a Taslima Nasreen? I wondered about the boy, too. Would he look up to his sister as he did now? And the other kids - would they (including my son) treat these two kids as somehow different when they grew up? I, an adult with reasonable sensitivity and intelligence, was thinking so much about the girl just because she was a muslim. This, in spite of knowing about cases of women-abuse in my own community!
Now, before people start accusing me of looking at people with colored glasses, let me make it clear that I have had, and still have muslim friends. And I think that it was much easier for us to befriend people from other religions, than it is for today's kids. Some boundaries are vanishing, but other, more unsurpassable boundaries are rising.
The truth hit me hard when we listened to some older children (probably 10-12 years old) talking in another park. One was asking another "Hey, what caste is yours?". When we were young, we were taught that asking about another's caste was wrong. I am definitely going to teach my children the same thing, but with so many divisive forces around us, is it possible?
That evening, there were two kids, who were evidently Muslims. The boy was young, five or six years old, with a skullcap on. The girl was slightly older, and wearing a worked-on red churidar. Both of them were conversing in Urdu. Now there are three slides in the park, one for big kids and two that are more toddler-friendly. While my little one is not scared of slides, he is usually reluctant to actually slide. This girl held him while he slid down, like the protective elder sister. The boy then tried to climb up the slide, but his big toe got stuck in a hole on the slide (did I mention that this park is maintained by the BDA?). He started crying. R tried to take his toe out, but it was stuck tight. The girl then cried "arey, Allah ka naam le ke nikaalo, aa jayega!". After some struggle, the toe came out, and everybody was happy.
I was amazed at the girl's maturity. She was helping kids onto swings and merry-go-rounds, held on to little Biyadiya because he was not comfortable sliding down the slide. She was but only slightly older than the boy, but had already taken on the role of a nurturer, a person who was capable of comforting others. One may say that girls are wired that way, but this one was extraordinary. She was far too intelligent, nay, mature for her age. What would she grow up to be? Would she grow up to be a Benazir Bhutto or a Taslima Nasreen? I wondered about the boy, too. Would he look up to his sister as he did now? And the other kids - would they (including my son) treat these two kids as somehow different when they grew up? I, an adult with reasonable sensitivity and intelligence, was thinking so much about the girl just because she was a muslim. This, in spite of knowing about cases of women-abuse in my own community!
Now, before people start accusing me of looking at people with colored glasses, let me make it clear that I have had, and still have muslim friends. And I think that it was much easier for us to befriend people from other religions, than it is for today's kids. Some boundaries are vanishing, but other, more unsurpassable boundaries are rising.
The truth hit me hard when we listened to some older children (probably 10-12 years old) talking in another park. One was asking another "Hey, what caste is yours?". When we were young, we were taught that asking about another's caste was wrong. I am definitely going to teach my children the same thing, but with so many divisive forces around us, is it possible?
Thursday, December 06, 2007
ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ - ೨
ಹಿಂದಿನ ಕಂತಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಳಿದಂತೆ ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ ಧರ್ಮದ ಸ್ವರೂಪವನ್ನು, ಅದರ ವಿವಿಧ ಆಯಾಮಗಳನ್ನು ತನ್ನ ಕಾವ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕೆಲವೆಡೆ ಪ್ರಕಟವಾಗಿ, ಕೆಲವೆಡೆ ಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮವಾಗಿ ಚಿತ್ರಿಸಿದ್ದಾನೆ. ಧರ್ಮವಿರುದ್ಧವಾಗಿ ನಡೆದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವ ಪಾತ್ರಗಳು ಇಲ್ಲವೇ ಇಲ್ಲ ಎನ್ನುವಷ್ಟು ಕಡಮೆ. ಇದು ಸ್ವಲ್ಪ ಅಸಹಜ ಎಂದೆನ್ನಿಸಿದರೂ ಮನಸ್ಸಿಗೆ ಬಹಳ ಹಿತವನ್ನು ಕೊಡುವಂತಹ ವಿಷಯ.
ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯನ್ನು ದುಷ್ಯಂತ ಮೊದಲ ಬಾರಿ ನೋಡಿದಾಗಲೇ ಅವಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮೋಹವುಂಟಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಆದರೆ ಅವಳು ಮುನಿಕನ್ಯೆ, ಪರಿಗ್ರಹಕ್ಕೆ ಯೋಗ್ಯಳೋ ಅಲ್ಲವೋ ಎಂದು ಅವನಿಗೆ ಸಂದೇಹವುಂಟಾದರೂ,
'ಅಸಂಶಯಂ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಪರಿಗ್ರಹಕ್ಷಮಾ ಯದಾರ್ಯಮಸ್ಯಾಮ್ ಅಭಿಲಾಷಿ ಮೇ ಮನಃ' (ಈಕೆ ನಿಸ್ಸಂಶಯವಾಗಿ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯನನ್ನು ಮದುವೆ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಯೋಗ್ಯಳು. ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಧರ್ಮಪರವಾದ ನನ್ನ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಇವಳಲ್ಲಿ ಆಸಕ್ತವಾಗಿದೆ)
ಎಂದುಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ನಂತರ ಅನಸೂಯೆ-ಪ್ರಿಯಂವದೆಯರನ್ನು ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯ ವೃತ್ತಾಂತದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ವಿಚಾರಿಸಿಯೇ ಮುಂದಿನ ಹೆಜ್ಜೆಯನ್ನಿಡುತ್ತಾನೆ (ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣಗಳು ಎರಡು.
೧. ಹಿಂದಿನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿರಕ್ತರಾದ, ಯೋಗ್ಯಕನ್ಯೆಯರು ಮದುವೆಯಾಗದೆ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮವಾದಿನಿಯರಾಗುವ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯವಿತ್ತು. ಶಕುಂತಲೆ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮವಾದಿನಿಯಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಒಂದು ಅಂಶ.
೨. ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯರು ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣಕನ್ಯೆಯರನ್ನು ಮದುವೆಯಾದರೆ ಅದು ಪ್ರತಿಲೋಮವಿವಾಹ. ಅವರ ಸಂತಾನ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯರಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ, ಬದಲಾಗಿ ಸೂತರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಶಕುಂತಲೆ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯನಾದ ಕೌಶಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಅಪ್ಸರೆಯಾದ ಮೇನಕೆಯಿಂದ ಹುಟ್ಟಿದುದರಿಂದ ಅವಳು ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯನನ್ನು ಮದುವೆಯಾಗಲು ಯೋಗ್ಯಳು).
ಸನಾತನಧರ್ಮದ ಅನೇಕ ಆಯಾಮಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಆಶ್ರಮವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯೂ ಒಂದು. ಹೇಗೆ ಮನುಷ್ಯ ಶೈಶವ-ಯೌವನ-ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದುತ್ತಾನೆಯೋ ಅಷ್ಟೇ ಸಹಜವಾದ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚರ್ಯ-ಗಾರ್ಹಸ್ಥ್ಯ-ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥ ಎಂಬ ಆಶ್ರಮಗಳು ನಿಯತವಾಗಿವೆ.
ರಘುವಂಶದ ಆರಂಭದಲ್ಲಿ ರಘುವಂಶದವರ ಸದ್ಗುಣಗಳನ್ನು ಬಣ್ಣಿಸುವ ಒಂದು ಕುಲಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೀಗೆ ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.
ಶೈಶವೇSಭ್ಯಸ್ತವಿದ್ಯಾನಾಂ ಯೌವನೇ ವಿಷಯೈಷಿಣಾಂ |
ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯೇ ಮುನಿವೃತ್ತೀನಾಂ ಯೋಗೇನಾಂತೇ ತನುತ್ಯಜಾಮ್ ||
'ಶೈಶವದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿದ್ಯೆಯನ್ನು ಅಭ್ಯಸಿಸಿ, ಯೌವನದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಷಯಗಳನ್ನು ಇಚ್ಛಿಸಿ, ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಮುನಿವೃತ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಕೈಗೊಂಡು, ಅಂತ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಯೋಗದಿಂದ ಶರೀರವನ್ನು ತ್ಯಜಿಸುವವರ (ವಂಶವನ್ನು ಕುರಿತು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ).
ಮೇಲಿನದು ನಮ್ಮ ಮುಂದಿರುವ ಆದರ್ಶ. ಶೈಶವದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆ ಮಾಡದಿದ್ದರೆ ಎಷ್ಟು ತಪ್ಪೋ, ಯೌವನದಲ್ಲಿ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥರಾಗದಿರುವುದೂ ಅಷ್ಟೇ ತಪ್ಪು. ಇನ್ನು ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೇಳುವುದಾದರೆ ಈಗಿನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಅದೊಂದು ಆವಶ್ಯಕವಾದ, ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ ಆಶ್ರಮ. ವನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೋಗಿ ವಾಸ ಮಾಡುವುದು ಈಗ ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದರೂ ವಯಸ್ಸಾದಾಗ ಶಾಂತಚಿತ್ತರಾಗಿ ತತ್ತ್ವಜಿಜ್ಞಾಸೆಯನ್ನು ಮೈಗೂಡಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಆರೋಗ್ಯದೃಷ್ಟ್ಯಾ ಹಿತಕರ, ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕದೃಷ್ಟ್ಯಾ ಶ್ರೇಯಸ್ಕರ.
ವರತಂತುವಿನ ಶಿಷ್ಯನಾದ ಕೌತ್ಸ ರಘುಮಹಾರಾಜನ ಹತ್ತಿರ ಗುರುದಕ್ಷಿಣೆಯನ್ನು ಬೇಡಲು ಬಂದಾಗ ರಘುವು ಅವನನ್ನು ಕುಶಲ ವಿಚಾರಿಸುವಾಗ ಹೀಗೆ ಕೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.
ಅಪಿ ಪ್ರಸನ್ನೇನ ಮಹರ್ಷಿಣಾ ತ್ವಂ ಸಮ್ಯಗ್ವಿನೀಯಾನುಮತೋ ಗೃಹಾಯ |
ಕಾಲೋ ಹ್ಯಯಂ ಸಂಕ್ರಮಿತುಂ ದ್ವಿತೀಯಂ ಸರ್ವೋಪಕಾರಕ್ಷಮಮಾಶ್ರಮಂ ತೇ||
(ನಿನ್ನ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆಯಿಂದ) ಪ್ರಸನ್ನನಾದ ಮಹರ್ಷಿಯಿಂದ ಮದುವೆಯಾಗಲು ಅನುಮತಿಯನ್ನು ಪಡೆದಿರುವೆ ತಾನೆ? ಎಲ್ಲರ ಉಪಕಾರವನ್ನು ಮಾಡಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗುವ ಎರಡನೆಯ ಆಶ್ರಮವನ್ನು ಕ್ರಮಿಸಲು ಇದೇ ನಿನಗೆ ಸಕಾಲ!
ಮೇಲಿನ ಶ್ಲೋಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಎರಡು ಅಂಶಗಳು ಮನನೀಯ. ಒಂದು - ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮವನ್ನು 'ಸರ್ವೋಪಕಾರಕ್ಷಮ' ಎಂದು ವರ್ಣಿಸಿರುವುದು. ಗೃಹಸ್ಥರು ಕೇವಲ ತಮ್ಮ ಕುಟುಂಬದ ಸೌಖ್ಯವನ್ನು ಗಮನಿಸಿದರೆ ಸಾಲದು. ಬೇರೆಯ ಆಶ್ರಮದವರ ಪಾಲನ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥನ ಮುಖ್ಯಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಒಂದು.
ಹಾಗೆಯೇ, ಇಲ್ಲಿ ತುಂಬ ಮಾರ್ಮಿಕವಾದ ಪದ 'ಸಂಕ್ರಮಿತುಂ'. ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಕ್ರಮಿಸುವುದು ಎಂದು ಈ ಪದದ ಅರ್ಥ. ಇಲ್ಲಿಯ ಧ್ವನಿಯೇನೆಂದರೆ, ಈ ಆಶ್ರಮ ಕೇವಲ ಒಂದು ಮಾರ್ಗ, ಇಲ್ಲಿ ನೆಲೆ ನಿಲ್ಲಲಾಗದು ಎಂದು. ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮವನ್ನು ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಕ್ರಮಿಸಿದರೆ ಅದೇ ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥಕ್ಕೆ ದಾರಿಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.
ಹಾಗೆಯೇ, ಶಕುಂತಲೆ ಪತಿಗೃಹಕ್ಕೆ ತೆರಳುವಾಗ ತಂದೆಯನ್ನು ಬಿಟ್ಟು ಹೋಗಲಾಗದೆ ದುಃಖಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಕಣ್ವ ಹೇಳುವುದು ಇದು
ಭೂತ್ವಾ ಚಿರಾಯ ಚತುರಂತಮಹೀಸಪತ್ನೀ ದೌಷ್ಯಂತಮಪ್ರತಿರಥಂ ತನಯಂ ನಿವೇಶ್ಯ |
ಭರ್ತ್ರಾ ತದರ್ಪಿತಕುಟುಂಬಭರೇಣ ಸಾರ್ಧಂ ಶಾಂತೇ ಕರಿಷ್ಯಸಿ ಪದಂ ಪುನರಾಶ್ರಮೇSಸ್ಮಿನ್ ||
ಬಹಳಕಾಲ ಭೂಮಿಯ ಸವತಿಯಾಗಿ (ಎಂದರೆ ರಾಜ್ಞಿಯಾಗಿ), ಎದುರಿಲ್ಲದ ದೌಷ್ಯಂತ (ದುಷ್ಯಂತನ ಮಗ)ನಿಗೆ ಕುಟುಂಬದ ಭಾರವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಪಿಸಿ, ಗಂಡನ ಜೊತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮತ್ತೆ ಈ ಶಾಂತವಾದ ಆಶ್ರಮಕ್ಕೇ ಬರುತ್ತೀಯೆ.
ಕೇವಲ ಒಂದೇ ಶ್ಲೋಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಕಣ್ವರು ಶಕುಂತಲೆಗೆ ಅವಳ ಈಗಿನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವನ್ನೂ, ಮುಂದಿನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವನ್ನೂ ಎಷ್ಟು ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದಾರಲ್ಲವೆ?
ಇನ್ನು ಆಶ್ರಮವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಎರಡು ಮಾತು. ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚರ್ಯ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆಗೆ ಮೀಸಲಾದುದು. ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆಗೆ ತೊಂದರೆಯುಂಟುಮಾಡುವ, ಭೋಗಾಸಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನುಂಟುಮಾಡುವ ಎಲ್ಲ ವಿಷಯಗಳೂ ವಸ್ತುಗಳೂ (ಸುಗಂಧ, ತಾಂಬೂಲ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ) ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚಾರಿಗಳಿಗೆ ನಿಷಿದ್ಧ. ಹಾಗೆಯೇ ಗಾರ್ಹಸ್ಥ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಷಯಸುಖಗಳ ಅನುಭವದ ಜೊತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅತಿಥಿಸತ್ಕಾರ, ನಿತ್ಯಾಗ್ನಿಹೋತ್ರ ಮುಂತಾದ ಕೆಲಸಗಳಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಾಶಸ್ತ್ಯ. ಅನಂತರ ಮಕ್ಕಳು ದೊಡ್ಡವರಾದ ಮೇಲೆ ಸಂಸಾರದ ಭಾರವನ್ನು ಅವರಿಗೊಪ್ಪಿಸಿ ಆತ್ಮಚಿಂತನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾಲ ಕಳೆಯುವ ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮ.
ವರ್ಣಸಂಕರಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಆಶ್ರಮಸಂಕರ ಮನುಷ್ಯನ ಮೇಲೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸಮಾಜದ ಮೇಲೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಪರಿಣಾಮ ಬೀರುತ್ತದೆಯೆಂದು ನನ್ನ ಭಾವನೆ. ಸಂಕರವೆಂದರೆ ಒಂದು ಆಶ್ರಮದವರು ಮತ್ತೊಂದು ಆಶ್ರಮದವರ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳನ್ನು ತಮ್ಮದಾಗಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು. ಇಂದು ಹೈಸ್ಕೂಲಿನಲ್ಲಿಯೇ ಮಕ್ಕಳು ವಿಚಿತ್ರಪ್ರಲೋಭನೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಒಳಗಾಗಿ, ಅವರ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆ ಸಮಾಧಾನಕರವಾಗಿ ಇರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಚಿಕ್ಕ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಶಿಸ್ತು-ಸಂಯಮಗಳನ್ನು ಕಲಿಯದ, ಬೌದ್ಧಿಕವಾಗಿ, ಆರ್ಥಿಕವಾಗಿ, ಮಾನಸಿಕವಾಗಿ ಸಬಲರಾಗುವ ದಾರಿಯನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯದ ಮಕ್ಕಳು ಬೆಳೆದು ಹೇಗೆ ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥರಾಗಬಲ್ಲರು? ಹಾಗೆಯೇ, ತೃಪ್ತಿಯಿಲ್ಲದ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಜೀವನವನ್ನು ಕಳೆದವರಿಗೆ ನೆಮ್ಮದಿಯ ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮ ಪಲಾಯನದಂತೆಯೇ ಕಾಣುತ್ತದೆಯಲ್ಲವೇ? ತಮ್ಮ ಮೇರುಕೃತಿಯಾದ 'ಮಹಾದರ್ಶನ'ದಲ್ಲಿ ದೇವುಡು ರವರು ಒಂದು ಸುಂದರವಾದ ಮಾತನ್ನು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ -'ವೈರಾಗ್ಯವೆಂದರೆ ಬೇಡವೆಂದು ನೂಕುವುದಲ್ಲ, ಸಾಕೆಂದು ವಿಮುಖವಾಗುವುದು' ಎಂದು. ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ತೃಪ್ತಿಸಮಾಧಾನಗಳು ಬರಬೇಕಾದರೆ ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಶೈಶವ-ಯೌವನಗಳು ಆವಶ್ಯಕ. ಹಾಗಾಗಿ, ಒಬ್ಬ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯ ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಜೀವನ ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿರಬೇಕಾದರೆ ಆಶ್ರಮವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯನ್ನು ಯಥಾಶಕ್ತಿ, ಯಥಾಸ್ಥಿತಿ ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಆವಶ್ಯಕ.
|| ಇತಿ ಶಮ್||
ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯನ್ನು ದುಷ್ಯಂತ ಮೊದಲ ಬಾರಿ ನೋಡಿದಾಗಲೇ ಅವಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಮೋಹವುಂಟಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಆದರೆ ಅವಳು ಮುನಿಕನ್ಯೆ, ಪರಿಗ್ರಹಕ್ಕೆ ಯೋಗ್ಯಳೋ ಅಲ್ಲವೋ ಎಂದು ಅವನಿಗೆ ಸಂದೇಹವುಂಟಾದರೂ,
'ಅಸಂಶಯಂ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಪರಿಗ್ರಹಕ್ಷಮಾ ಯದಾರ್ಯಮಸ್ಯಾಮ್ ಅಭಿಲಾಷಿ ಮೇ ಮನಃ' (ಈಕೆ ನಿಸ್ಸಂಶಯವಾಗಿ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯನನ್ನು ಮದುವೆ ಮಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳಲು ಯೋಗ್ಯಳು. ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಧರ್ಮಪರವಾದ ನನ್ನ ಮನಸ್ಸು ಇವಳಲ್ಲಿ ಆಸಕ್ತವಾಗಿದೆ)
ಎಂದುಕೊಳ್ಳುತ್ತಾನೆ. ನಂತರ ಅನಸೂಯೆ-ಪ್ರಿಯಂವದೆಯರನ್ನು ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯ ವೃತ್ತಾಂತದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ವಿಚಾರಿಸಿಯೇ ಮುಂದಿನ ಹೆಜ್ಜೆಯನ್ನಿಡುತ್ತಾನೆ (ಇದಕ್ಕೆ ಕಾರಣಗಳು ಎರಡು.
೧. ಹಿಂದಿನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿರಕ್ತರಾದ, ಯೋಗ್ಯಕನ್ಯೆಯರು ಮದುವೆಯಾಗದೆ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮವಾದಿನಿಯರಾಗುವ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯವಿತ್ತು. ಶಕುಂತಲೆ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮವಾದಿನಿಯಲ್ಲವೆಂದು ತಿಳಿದುಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಒಂದು ಅಂಶ.
೨. ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯರು ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣಕನ್ಯೆಯರನ್ನು ಮದುವೆಯಾದರೆ ಅದು ಪ್ರತಿಲೋಮವಿವಾಹ. ಅವರ ಸಂತಾನ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯರಾಗುವುದಿಲ್ಲ, ಬದಲಾಗಿ ಸೂತರಾಗುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಶಕುಂತಲೆ ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯನಾದ ಕೌಶಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಅಪ್ಸರೆಯಾದ ಮೇನಕೆಯಿಂದ ಹುಟ್ಟಿದುದರಿಂದ ಅವಳು ಕ್ಷತ್ರಿಯನನ್ನು ಮದುವೆಯಾಗಲು ಯೋಗ್ಯಳು).
ಸನಾತನಧರ್ಮದ ಅನೇಕ ಆಯಾಮಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಆಶ್ರಮವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯೂ ಒಂದು. ಹೇಗೆ ಮನುಷ್ಯ ಶೈಶವ-ಯೌವನ-ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯಗಳನ್ನು ಹೊಂದುತ್ತಾನೆಯೋ ಅಷ್ಟೇ ಸಹಜವಾದ ರೀತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚರ್ಯ-ಗಾರ್ಹಸ್ಥ್ಯ-ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥ ಎಂಬ ಆಶ್ರಮಗಳು ನಿಯತವಾಗಿವೆ.
ರಘುವಂಶದ ಆರಂಭದಲ್ಲಿ ರಘುವಂಶದವರ ಸದ್ಗುಣಗಳನ್ನು ಬಣ್ಣಿಸುವ ಒಂದು ಕುಲಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಹೀಗೆ ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.
ಶೈಶವೇSಭ್ಯಸ್ತವಿದ್ಯಾನಾಂ ಯೌವನೇ ವಿಷಯೈಷಿಣಾಂ |
ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯೇ ಮುನಿವೃತ್ತೀನಾಂ ಯೋಗೇನಾಂತೇ ತನುತ್ಯಜಾಮ್ ||
'ಶೈಶವದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿದ್ಯೆಯನ್ನು ಅಭ್ಯಸಿಸಿ, ಯೌವನದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಷಯಗಳನ್ನು ಇಚ್ಛಿಸಿ, ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಮುನಿವೃತ್ತಿಯನ್ನು ಕೈಗೊಂಡು, ಅಂತ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಯೋಗದಿಂದ ಶರೀರವನ್ನು ತ್ಯಜಿಸುವವರ (ವಂಶವನ್ನು ಕುರಿತು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ).
ಮೇಲಿನದು ನಮ್ಮ ಮುಂದಿರುವ ಆದರ್ಶ. ಶೈಶವದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆ ಮಾಡದಿದ್ದರೆ ಎಷ್ಟು ತಪ್ಪೋ, ಯೌವನದಲ್ಲಿ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥರಾಗದಿರುವುದೂ ಅಷ್ಟೇ ತಪ್ಪು. ಇನ್ನು ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥದ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಹೇಳುವುದಾದರೆ ಈಗಿನ ಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿಯೂ ಅದೊಂದು ಆವಶ್ಯಕವಾದ, ಮುಖ್ಯವಾದ ಆಶ್ರಮ. ವನಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಹೋಗಿ ವಾಸ ಮಾಡುವುದು ಈಗ ಸಾಧ್ಯವಿಲ್ಲದಿದ್ದರೂ ವಯಸ್ಸಾದಾಗ ಶಾಂತಚಿತ್ತರಾಗಿ ತತ್ತ್ವಜಿಜ್ಞಾಸೆಯನ್ನು ಮೈಗೂಡಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಆರೋಗ್ಯದೃಷ್ಟ್ಯಾ ಹಿತಕರ, ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕದೃಷ್ಟ್ಯಾ ಶ್ರೇಯಸ್ಕರ.
ವರತಂತುವಿನ ಶಿಷ್ಯನಾದ ಕೌತ್ಸ ರಘುಮಹಾರಾಜನ ಹತ್ತಿರ ಗುರುದಕ್ಷಿಣೆಯನ್ನು ಬೇಡಲು ಬಂದಾಗ ರಘುವು ಅವನನ್ನು ಕುಶಲ ವಿಚಾರಿಸುವಾಗ ಹೀಗೆ ಕೇಳುತ್ತಾನೆ.
ಅಪಿ ಪ್ರಸನ್ನೇನ ಮಹರ್ಷಿಣಾ ತ್ವಂ ಸಮ್ಯಗ್ವಿನೀಯಾನುಮತೋ ಗೃಹಾಯ |
ಕಾಲೋ ಹ್ಯಯಂ ಸಂಕ್ರಮಿತುಂ ದ್ವಿತೀಯಂ ಸರ್ವೋಪಕಾರಕ್ಷಮಮಾಶ್ರಮಂ ತೇ||
(ನಿನ್ನ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆಯಿಂದ) ಪ್ರಸನ್ನನಾದ ಮಹರ್ಷಿಯಿಂದ ಮದುವೆಯಾಗಲು ಅನುಮತಿಯನ್ನು ಪಡೆದಿರುವೆ ತಾನೆ? ಎಲ್ಲರ ಉಪಕಾರವನ್ನು ಮಾಡಲು ಸಾಧ್ಯವಾಗುವ ಎರಡನೆಯ ಆಶ್ರಮವನ್ನು ಕ್ರಮಿಸಲು ಇದೇ ನಿನಗೆ ಸಕಾಲ!
ಮೇಲಿನ ಶ್ಲೋಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಎರಡು ಅಂಶಗಳು ಮನನೀಯ. ಒಂದು - ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮವನ್ನು 'ಸರ್ವೋಪಕಾರಕ್ಷಮ' ಎಂದು ವರ್ಣಿಸಿರುವುದು. ಗೃಹಸ್ಥರು ಕೇವಲ ತಮ್ಮ ಕುಟುಂಬದ ಸೌಖ್ಯವನ್ನು ಗಮನಿಸಿದರೆ ಸಾಲದು. ಬೇರೆಯ ಆಶ್ರಮದವರ ಪಾಲನ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥನ ಮುಖ್ಯಕರ್ತವ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಒಂದು.
ಹಾಗೆಯೇ, ಇಲ್ಲಿ ತುಂಬ ಮಾರ್ಮಿಕವಾದ ಪದ 'ಸಂಕ್ರಮಿತುಂ'. ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಕ್ರಮಿಸುವುದು ಎಂದು ಈ ಪದದ ಅರ್ಥ. ಇಲ್ಲಿಯ ಧ್ವನಿಯೇನೆಂದರೆ, ಈ ಆಶ್ರಮ ಕೇವಲ ಒಂದು ಮಾರ್ಗ, ಇಲ್ಲಿ ನೆಲೆ ನಿಲ್ಲಲಾಗದು ಎಂದು. ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮವನ್ನು ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಕ್ರಮಿಸಿದರೆ ಅದೇ ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥಕ್ಕೆ ದಾರಿಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ.
ಹಾಗೆಯೇ, ಶಕುಂತಲೆ ಪತಿಗೃಹಕ್ಕೆ ತೆರಳುವಾಗ ತಂದೆಯನ್ನು ಬಿಟ್ಟು ಹೋಗಲಾಗದೆ ದುಃಖಿಸುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಕಣ್ವ ಹೇಳುವುದು ಇದು
ಭೂತ್ವಾ ಚಿರಾಯ ಚತುರಂತಮಹೀಸಪತ್ನೀ ದೌಷ್ಯಂತಮಪ್ರತಿರಥಂ ತನಯಂ ನಿವೇಶ್ಯ |
ಭರ್ತ್ರಾ ತದರ್ಪಿತಕುಟುಂಬಭರೇಣ ಸಾರ್ಧಂ ಶಾಂತೇ ಕರಿಷ್ಯಸಿ ಪದಂ ಪುನರಾಶ್ರಮೇSಸ್ಮಿನ್ ||
ಬಹಳಕಾಲ ಭೂಮಿಯ ಸವತಿಯಾಗಿ (ಎಂದರೆ ರಾಜ್ಞಿಯಾಗಿ), ಎದುರಿಲ್ಲದ ದೌಷ್ಯಂತ (ದುಷ್ಯಂತನ ಮಗ)ನಿಗೆ ಕುಟುಂಬದ ಭಾರವನ್ನು ಅರ್ಪಿಸಿ, ಗಂಡನ ಜೊತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಮತ್ತೆ ಈ ಶಾಂತವಾದ ಆಶ್ರಮಕ್ಕೇ ಬರುತ್ತೀಯೆ.
ಕೇವಲ ಒಂದೇ ಶ್ಲೋಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಕಣ್ವರು ಶಕುಂತಲೆಗೆ ಅವಳ ಈಗಿನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವನ್ನೂ, ಮುಂದಿನ ಕರ್ತವ್ಯವನ್ನೂ ಎಷ್ಟು ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿ ಹೇಳಿದ್ದಾರಲ್ಲವೆ?
ಇನ್ನು ಆಶ್ರಮವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಎರಡು ಮಾತು. ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚರ್ಯ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆಗೆ ಮೀಸಲಾದುದು. ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆಗೆ ತೊಂದರೆಯುಂಟುಮಾಡುವ, ಭೋಗಾಸಕ್ತಿಯನ್ನುಂಟುಮಾಡುವ ಎಲ್ಲ ವಿಷಯಗಳೂ ವಸ್ತುಗಳೂ (ಸುಗಂಧ, ತಾಂಬೂಲ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ) ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಚಾರಿಗಳಿಗೆ ನಿಷಿದ್ಧ. ಹಾಗೆಯೇ ಗಾರ್ಹಸ್ಥ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಷಯಸುಖಗಳ ಅನುಭವದ ಜೊತೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅತಿಥಿಸತ್ಕಾರ, ನಿತ್ಯಾಗ್ನಿಹೋತ್ರ ಮುಂತಾದ ಕೆಲಸಗಳಿಗೆ ಪ್ರಾಶಸ್ತ್ಯ. ಅನಂತರ ಮಕ್ಕಳು ದೊಡ್ಡವರಾದ ಮೇಲೆ ಸಂಸಾರದ ಭಾರವನ್ನು ಅವರಿಗೊಪ್ಪಿಸಿ ಆತ್ಮಚಿಂತನೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾಲ ಕಳೆಯುವ ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮ.
ವರ್ಣಸಂಕರಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಆಶ್ರಮಸಂಕರ ಮನುಷ್ಯನ ಮೇಲೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸಮಾಜದ ಮೇಲೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಪರಿಣಾಮ ಬೀರುತ್ತದೆಯೆಂದು ನನ್ನ ಭಾವನೆ. ಸಂಕರವೆಂದರೆ ಒಂದು ಆಶ್ರಮದವರು ಮತ್ತೊಂದು ಆಶ್ರಮದವರ ಚಟುವಟಿಕೆಗಳನ್ನು ತಮ್ಮದಾಗಿಸಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು. ಇಂದು ಹೈಸ್ಕೂಲಿನಲ್ಲಿಯೇ ಮಕ್ಕಳು ವಿಚಿತ್ರಪ್ರಲೋಭನೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಒಳಗಾಗಿ, ಅವರ ವಿದ್ಯಾರ್ಜನೆ ಸಮಾಧಾನಕರವಾಗಿ ಇರುವುದಿಲ್ಲ. ಚಿಕ್ಕ ವಯಸ್ಸಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಶಿಸ್ತು-ಸಂಯಮಗಳನ್ನು ಕಲಿಯದ, ಬೌದ್ಧಿಕವಾಗಿ, ಆರ್ಥಿಕವಾಗಿ, ಮಾನಸಿಕವಾಗಿ ಸಬಲರಾಗುವ ದಾರಿಯನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯದ ಮಕ್ಕಳು ಬೆಳೆದು ಹೇಗೆ ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥರಾಗಬಲ್ಲರು? ಹಾಗೆಯೇ, ತೃಪ್ತಿಯಿಲ್ಲದ ಗೃಹಸ್ಥಜೀವನವನ್ನು ಕಳೆದವರಿಗೆ ನೆಮ್ಮದಿಯ ವಾನಪ್ರಸ್ಥಾಶ್ರಮ ಪಲಾಯನದಂತೆಯೇ ಕಾಣುತ್ತದೆಯಲ್ಲವೇ? ತಮ್ಮ ಮೇರುಕೃತಿಯಾದ 'ಮಹಾದರ್ಶನ'ದಲ್ಲಿ ದೇವುಡು ರವರು ಒಂದು ಸುಂದರವಾದ ಮಾತನ್ನು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ -'ವೈರಾಗ್ಯವೆಂದರೆ ಬೇಡವೆಂದು ನೂಕುವುದಲ್ಲ, ಸಾಕೆಂದು ವಿಮುಖವಾಗುವುದು' ಎಂದು. ವಾರ್ಧಕ್ಯದಲ್ಲಿ ಈ ತೃಪ್ತಿಸಮಾಧಾನಗಳು ಬರಬೇಕಾದರೆ ಒಳ್ಳೆಯ ಶೈಶವ-ಯೌವನಗಳು ಆವಶ್ಯಕ. ಹಾಗಾಗಿ, ಒಬ್ಬ ವ್ಯಕ್ತಿಯ ವೈಯಕ್ತಿಕ ಮತ್ತು ಸಾಮಾಜಿಕ ಜೀವನ ಚೆನ್ನಾಗಿರಬೇಕಾದರೆ ಆಶ್ರಮವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯನ್ನು ಯಥಾಶಕ್ತಿ, ಯಥಾಸ್ಥಿತಿ ಕಾಪಾಡಿಕೊಳ್ಳುವುದು ಆವಶ್ಯಕ.
|| ಇತಿ ಶಮ್||
Wednesday, November 21, 2007
ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ - ೧
(ಈ ಲೇಖನ ನೆನ್ನೆ ಬರೆದದ್ದು)
ಇಂದು ಉತ್ಥಾನದ್ವಾದಶೀ. ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಉಳಿದ ಪಟಾಕಿಗಳನ್ನು ಸುಟ್ಟು ಸಂಭ್ರಮಪಡುವ 'ಕಿರುದೀಪಾವಳಿ'. ಕೃಷ್ಣ-ತುಳಸಿಯರ ವಿವಾಹವನ್ನು ಸಂಭ್ರಮದಿಂದ ಆಚರಿಸುವ ದಿನ. ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯರೀತ್ಯಾ ಇದೇ ದಿನ ಅನಾಮಿಕೆಯನ್ನು ಸಾರ್ಥಕಗೊಳಿಸಿದ* ಕವಿಕುಲಗುರು ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಜನ್ಮದಿನ.
ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ದೇಶ-ಕಾಲಗಳ ಕುರಿತು ನಮಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಗೊತ್ತಿಲ್ಲ. ಅವನು ಕುರುಬನಾಗಿದ್ದು, ನಂತರ ಕಾಳಿಯ ಪ್ರಸಾದದಿಂದ ವರಕವಿಯಾಗಿ ಭೋಜರಾಜನ ಆಸ್ಥಾನದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದ ಎಂಬುದು ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧವಾದ (ದಂತ?)ಕಥೆ. ಇದಾವುದೂ ಐತಿಹಾಸಿಕವಾಗಿ ಸಿದ್ಧವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ. ಸ್ವತಃ ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಕೃತಿಗಳಿಂದ ಅವನಿಗೆ ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನೀನಗರ ಅತಿಪ್ರಿಯವಾಗಿತ್ತು** ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ಆಧಾರವಾಗಿಟ್ಟುಕೊಂಡು ಅದೇ ಅವನ ವಾಸಸ್ಥಾನವಾಗಿತ್ತು ಎಂದು ತೀರ್ಮಾನಿಸಬಹುದು, ಅಷ್ಟೇ.
ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಧರ್ಮಪ್ರಜ್ಞೆ ಅನ್ಯಾದೃಶವಾದದ್ದು. ಶೃಂಗಾರಕವಿಯೆಂದೇ ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧನಾದರೂ ಶೃಂಗಾರಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ನಮಗೆ ಅವನ ಕಾವ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾಣುವುದು ಒಂದು ಉತ್ತಮವಾದ, ಪಾಲನೆಗೆ ಯೋಗ್ಯವಾದ ಜೀವನಾದರ್ಶ ಹಾಗೂ ಗಂಭೀರವಾದ, ಉದಾರವಾದ ಅಂತರ್ದೃಷ್ಟಿ. ಶೃಂಗಾರ ಹೇರಳವಾಗಿ ಇರುವುದಾದರೂ ಆ ಶೃಂಗಾರವೂ ಧರ್ಮಪ್ರಜ್ಞೆ ಮತ್ತು ಉದಾರತೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಪೂರಕವಾಗಿಯೇ ಇದೆ. ದುಷ್ಯಂತ-ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯರ ಪ್ರಣಯವಾಗಲಿ, ಔಶೀನರಿಯ ತ್ಯಾಗವಿರಲಿ, ಕಣ್ವರಿಗೆ ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯನ್ನು ಕಳುಹಿಸುವಾಗ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ದುಃಖವಾಗಲಿ, ದಿಲೀಪನ ತಪಸ್ಸಾಗಲಿ ಕೌತ್ಸನ ಪ್ರಸಂಗವಾಗಲಿ, ಎಲ್ಲೆಡೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮಾನವೀಯತೆ-ಉದಾರತೆಗಳೇ ಕಾಣಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಒಟ್ಟಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಳಬೇಕಾದರೆ, ರಘುವಂಶ-ಶಾಕುಂತಲಾದಿ ಕೃತಿಗಳು ಸುಖದಲ್ಲಿ ಮುದವನ್ನು ನೀಡಿ, ಕಷ್ಟದಲ್ಲಿ ದೃಢತೆಯ ನೆಲೆಯಾಗಿ ನಿಲ್ಲುವ ದಾರಿದೀಪಗಳು.
'ಉಪಮಾ ಕಾಲಿದಾಸಸ್ಯ' ಎಂಬ ಶ್ಲೋಕಪಾದ ಸರ್ವವಿದಿತ. ಆದರೆ ಅದೇ ಶ್ಲೋಕದ*** ಇನ್ನೆರಡು ಗುಣಗಳೂ (ಅರ್ಥಗೌರವ, ಪದಲಾಲಿತ್ಯ) ಸರ್ವಥಾ ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನಿಗೂ ಸಲ್ಲುತ್ತವೆ ಎಂದು ನನ್ನ ಭಾವನೆ. ಕಾಲಿದಾಸನ ಉಪಮೆಗಳಂತೂ ಮನೋಹರವಾಗಿ, ಕೇಳಿದೊಡನೆಯೇ "ಆಹಾ" ಎಂದು ಅನ್ನಿಸುವಂತೆ ಮಾಡುವವು.
ಮುಂಬರುವ ಕೆಲವು ಕಂತುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ, ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಕೃತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ (ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಶಾಕುಂತಲ ಮತ್ತು ರಘುವಂಶ) ನನಗೆ ಕಂಡ ಸ್ವಾರಸ್ಯಕರ ವಿಷಯಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಬರೆಯಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ.
*ಪುರಾ ಕವೀನಾಂ ಗಣನಾಪ್ರಸಂಗೇ ಕನಿಷ್ಠಿಕಾಧಿಷ್ಠಿತಕಾಲಿದಾಸಾ |
ಅದ್ಯಾಪಿ ತತ್ತುಲ್ಯಕವೇರಭಾವಾತ್ ಅನಾಮಿಕಾ ಸಾರ್ಥವತೀ ಬಭೂವ ||
- ಹಿಂದೆ ಕವಿಗಳ ಎಣಿಕೆ ನಡೆಯುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಕಿರುಬೆರಳಿನಲ್ಲಿ (ಅಂದರೆ ಮೊದಲು) ನಿಂತದ್ದು ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ. ಈಗಲೂ ಅವನಿಗೆ ಸದೃಶನಾದ ಕವಿಯ ಅಭಾವದ ಕಾರಣದಿಂದ (ಉಂಗುರದ ಬೆರಳಿಗೆ) 'ಅನಾಮಿಕಾ' ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರು ಅನ್ವರ್ಥವಾಯಿತು!
** ಸ್ವಲ್ಪೀಭೂತೇ ಸುಚರಿತಫಲೇ ಸ್ವರ್ಗಿಣಾಂ ಗಾಂ ಗತಾನಾಂ
ಶೇಷೈ: ಪುಣ್ಯೈರ್ಹೃತಮಿವ ದಿವಃ ಕಾಂತಿಮತ್ಖಂಡಮೇಕಮ್|
ಮೇಘದೂತದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುವ ಒಂದು ಶ್ಲೋಕಾರ್ಧ.'ಸ್ವರ್ಗದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದು, ಪುಣ್ಯ ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಗುತ್ತಿದ್ದಂತೆ ಭೂಮಿಗೆ ಬರುವವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಉಳಿದ ಪುಣ್ಯದಿಂದ ಸ್ವರ್ಗದ ಒಂದು ಸುಂದರವಾದ ಭಾಗವನ್ನು ಇಳೆಗೆ ತಂದಂತಿದೆ!' ಎಂದು ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನಿಯನ್ನು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಅವನಿಗೆ ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನಿಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಅಷ್ಟು ಪ್ರೀತಿ!
*** ಉಪಮಾ ಕಾಲಿದಾಸಸ್ಯ ಭಾರವೇರರ್ಥಗೌರವಮ್ |
ದಂಡಿನಃ ಪದಲಾಲಿತ್ಯಂ ಮಾಘೇ ಸಂತಿ ತ್ರಯೋ ಗುಣಾಃ ||
ಇಂದು ಉತ್ಥಾನದ್ವಾದಶೀ. ದೀಪಾವಳಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಉಳಿದ ಪಟಾಕಿಗಳನ್ನು ಸುಟ್ಟು ಸಂಭ್ರಮಪಡುವ 'ಕಿರುದೀಪಾವಳಿ'. ಕೃಷ್ಣ-ತುಳಸಿಯರ ವಿವಾಹವನ್ನು ಸಂಭ್ರಮದಿಂದ ಆಚರಿಸುವ ದಿನ. ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯರೀತ್ಯಾ ಇದೇ ದಿನ ಅನಾಮಿಕೆಯನ್ನು ಸಾರ್ಥಕಗೊಳಿಸಿದ* ಕವಿಕುಲಗುರು ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಜನ್ಮದಿನ.
ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ದೇಶ-ಕಾಲಗಳ ಕುರಿತು ನಮಗೆ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಗೊತ್ತಿಲ್ಲ. ಅವನು ಕುರುಬನಾಗಿದ್ದು, ನಂತರ ಕಾಳಿಯ ಪ್ರಸಾದದಿಂದ ವರಕವಿಯಾಗಿ ಭೋಜರಾಜನ ಆಸ್ಥಾನದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದ ಎಂಬುದು ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧವಾದ (ದಂತ?)ಕಥೆ. ಇದಾವುದೂ ಐತಿಹಾಸಿಕವಾಗಿ ಸಿದ್ಧವಾಗಿಲ್ಲ. ಸ್ವತಃ ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಕೃತಿಗಳಿಂದ ಅವನಿಗೆ ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನೀನಗರ ಅತಿಪ್ರಿಯವಾಗಿತ್ತು** ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ಆಧಾರವಾಗಿಟ್ಟುಕೊಂಡು ಅದೇ ಅವನ ವಾಸಸ್ಥಾನವಾಗಿತ್ತು ಎಂದು ತೀರ್ಮಾನಿಸಬಹುದು, ಅಷ್ಟೇ.
ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಧರ್ಮಪ್ರಜ್ಞೆ ಅನ್ಯಾದೃಶವಾದದ್ದು. ಶೃಂಗಾರಕವಿಯೆಂದೇ ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧನಾದರೂ ಶೃಂಗಾರಕ್ಕಿಂತ ಹೆಚ್ಚಾಗಿ ನಮಗೆ ಅವನ ಕಾವ್ಯಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಕಾಣುವುದು ಒಂದು ಉತ್ತಮವಾದ, ಪಾಲನೆಗೆ ಯೋಗ್ಯವಾದ ಜೀವನಾದರ್ಶ ಹಾಗೂ ಗಂಭೀರವಾದ, ಉದಾರವಾದ ಅಂತರ್ದೃಷ್ಟಿ. ಶೃಂಗಾರ ಹೇರಳವಾಗಿ ಇರುವುದಾದರೂ ಆ ಶೃಂಗಾರವೂ ಧರ್ಮಪ್ರಜ್ಞೆ ಮತ್ತು ಉದಾರತೆಗಳಿಗೆ ಪೂರಕವಾಗಿಯೇ ಇದೆ. ದುಷ್ಯಂತ-ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯರ ಪ್ರಣಯವಾಗಲಿ, ಔಶೀನರಿಯ ತ್ಯಾಗವಿರಲಿ, ಕಣ್ವರಿಗೆ ಶಕುಂತಲೆಯನ್ನು ಕಳುಹಿಸುವಾಗ ಉಂಟಾಗುವ ದುಃಖವಾಗಲಿ, ದಿಲೀಪನ ತಪಸ್ಸಾಗಲಿ ಕೌತ್ಸನ ಪ್ರಸಂಗವಾಗಲಿ, ಎಲ್ಲೆಡೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಮಾನವೀಯತೆ-ಉದಾರತೆಗಳೇ ಕಾಣಿಸುತ್ತವೆ. ಒಟ್ಟಿನಲ್ಲಿ ಹೇಳಬೇಕಾದರೆ, ರಘುವಂಶ-ಶಾಕುಂತಲಾದಿ ಕೃತಿಗಳು ಸುಖದಲ್ಲಿ ಮುದವನ್ನು ನೀಡಿ, ಕಷ್ಟದಲ್ಲಿ ದೃಢತೆಯ ನೆಲೆಯಾಗಿ ನಿಲ್ಲುವ ದಾರಿದೀಪಗಳು.
'ಉಪಮಾ ಕಾಲಿದಾಸಸ್ಯ' ಎಂಬ ಶ್ಲೋಕಪಾದ ಸರ್ವವಿದಿತ. ಆದರೆ ಅದೇ ಶ್ಲೋಕದ*** ಇನ್ನೆರಡು ಗುಣಗಳೂ (ಅರ್ಥಗೌರವ, ಪದಲಾಲಿತ್ಯ) ಸರ್ವಥಾ ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನಿಗೂ ಸಲ್ಲುತ್ತವೆ ಎಂದು ನನ್ನ ಭಾವನೆ. ಕಾಲಿದಾಸನ ಉಪಮೆಗಳಂತೂ ಮನೋಹರವಾಗಿ, ಕೇಳಿದೊಡನೆಯೇ "ಆಹಾ" ಎಂದು ಅನ್ನಿಸುವಂತೆ ಮಾಡುವವು.
ಮುಂಬರುವ ಕೆಲವು ಕಂತುಗಳಲ್ಲಿ, ಕಾಳಿದಾಸನ ಕೃತಿಗಳಲ್ಲಿ (ಮುಖ್ಯವಾಗಿ ಶಾಕುಂತಲ ಮತ್ತು ರಘುವಂಶ) ನನಗೆ ಕಂಡ ಸ್ವಾರಸ್ಯಕರ ವಿಷಯಗಳ ಬಗ್ಗೆ ಬರೆಯಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ.
*ಪುರಾ ಕವೀನಾಂ ಗಣನಾಪ್ರಸಂಗೇ ಕನಿಷ್ಠಿಕಾಧಿಷ್ಠಿತಕಾಲಿದಾಸಾ |
ಅದ್ಯಾಪಿ ತತ್ತುಲ್ಯಕವೇರಭಾವಾತ್ ಅನಾಮಿಕಾ ಸಾರ್ಥವತೀ ಬಭೂವ ||
- ಹಿಂದೆ ಕವಿಗಳ ಎಣಿಕೆ ನಡೆಯುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾಗ ಕಿರುಬೆರಳಿನಲ್ಲಿ (ಅಂದರೆ ಮೊದಲು) ನಿಂತದ್ದು ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ. ಈಗಲೂ ಅವನಿಗೆ ಸದೃಶನಾದ ಕವಿಯ ಅಭಾವದ ಕಾರಣದಿಂದ (ಉಂಗುರದ ಬೆರಳಿಗೆ) 'ಅನಾಮಿಕಾ' ಎಂಬ ಹೆಸರು ಅನ್ವರ್ಥವಾಯಿತು!
** ಸ್ವಲ್ಪೀಭೂತೇ ಸುಚರಿತಫಲೇ ಸ್ವರ್ಗಿಣಾಂ ಗಾಂ ಗತಾನಾಂ
ಶೇಷೈ: ಪುಣ್ಯೈರ್ಹೃತಮಿವ ದಿವಃ ಕಾಂತಿಮತ್ಖಂಡಮೇಕಮ್|
ಮೇಘದೂತದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುವ ಒಂದು ಶ್ಲೋಕಾರ್ಧ.'ಸ್ವರ್ಗದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದು, ಪುಣ್ಯ ಕಡಿಮೆಯಾಗುತ್ತಿದ್ದಂತೆ ಭೂಮಿಗೆ ಬರುವವರು ತಮ್ಮ ಉಳಿದ ಪುಣ್ಯದಿಂದ ಸ್ವರ್ಗದ ಒಂದು ಸುಂದರವಾದ ಭಾಗವನ್ನು ಇಳೆಗೆ ತಂದಂತಿದೆ!' ಎಂದು ಕಾಳಿದಾಸ ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನಿಯನ್ನು ವರ್ಣಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ. ಅವನಿಗೆ ಉಜ್ಜಯಿನಿಯ ಮೇಲೆ ಅಷ್ಟು ಪ್ರೀತಿ!
*** ಉಪಮಾ ಕಾಲಿದಾಸಸ್ಯ ಭಾರವೇರರ್ಥಗೌರವಮ್ |
ದಂಡಿನಃ ಪದಲಾಲಿತ್ಯಂ ಮಾಘೇ ಸಂತಿ ತ್ರಯೋ ಗುಣಾಃ ||
Tuesday, October 30, 2007
Animal Rights? Who Cares?
I have long been an advocate of animal rights. Probably even to the extent of Menaka Gandhi. When we were young, my sister and I used to take butterflies with broken wings and place them on flowers, childishly hoping that they would drink nectar from them. Now that I am an adult, I do not indulge in such things, but my concern for animals remains.
Yesterday, an eagle got shocked from the live wire near my window at work. A colleague and I called the Animal Rights Fund. We saw good advertisements about it on the web. And boy, was it a mistake! I had to leave early yesterday, and my poor colleague was at our workplace when the guys from ARF came. Apparently, they were rude and horribly uncaring about the bird. The details are too gory for me to go into them again, but the bird finally got scared and fell from the stairs and died.
Are all "non-profit" organizations like this? I am just writing this to get the anger out of my system. Okay, we do not expect them to be perfect gentlemen, but they should at least have a little concern about the creatures they have made their mission to save!
Yesterday, an eagle got shocked from the live wire near my window at work. A colleague and I called the Animal Rights Fund. We saw good advertisements about it on the web. And boy, was it a mistake! I had to leave early yesterday, and my poor colleague was at our workplace when the guys from ARF came. Apparently, they were rude and horribly uncaring about the bird. The details are too gory for me to go into them again, but the bird finally got scared and fell from the stairs and died.
Are all "non-profit" organizations like this? I am just writing this to get the anger out of my system. Okay, we do not expect them to be perfect gentlemen, but they should at least have a little concern about the creatures they have made their mission to save!
Tuesday, October 23, 2007
Our Journey Northward and Back - II
Our next visit was to Shani Shinganapur. When I was a child, I had seen a program on TV, about this place. The presiding deity of this place is Shani, whose icon is unsheltered from wind and rain. The beauty of this place is that there are absolutely no doors to any building in the village. And there have never been any thefts or robberies. In fact, the no-door policy has been so scrupulously followed that there are no doors even to the toilets! Swami Vivekananda had once remarked that the life of India was her religion. Nothing moves the average Indian more than religious faith and fervor. The doorless toilets were a testimony to this fact.
From Shani Shinganapur we went to Ellora, stopping briefly at Bibi ka Maqbara. Ellora was something out of a dream. "Unbelievable" and "Magnificent" only begin to describe the temples. We first went to the Jain caves, which are located atop a hill. One could see that the sculptors paid a lot of attention to detail. For instance, Indra and Kubera were always shown being a little on the fatter side. From the size of the temples, it is evident that they were not just used for religious purposes. Near the temple of Kailasanatha, there is a beautiful waterfall. There is a lookout point built in the temple, from where one can have a fine view of the waterfall. There are also stone steps leading to the small lake formed by the waterfall. To me, this was a classic example of understanding Nature, using it to the fullest, but not defiling it. I wondered how this place was, a thousand years ago on the day of a fair, say. It was probably teeming with devotees, noblemen, dancers and shops, the what-have-yous. Will a tourist, thousand years hence, visiting, say Vidhanasaudha, also wonder the same way? Only Time will tell.
From Ellora, we came to Ghrishneshwar, my first Jyotirlinga. The sanctum was crowded, it was hot and we were tired. The temple itself is pretty recent, but the concept of jyotirlingas has been in Indian lore for more than a thousand years. The beauty of jyotirlingas is that they are distributed all over India, like the Shaktipeethas . There are other groups of temples which are located within a few hundred miles of one another, like the navagraha temples and the panchabhUtasthalas in Tamil Nadu, but these places do not inspire the same kind of awe in me.
The next day was reserved for Shirdi. We roamed the whole day in the temple complex (which, IMO, comprised the whole village in Sai Baba's time), Dwarakamai and a couple of other small temples. After the darshan, we went to get some udhi. The procedure is this. You go in a queue, and each person gets one small packet of udhi. As far as my knowledge goes, udhi cannot be bought anywhere. People go in the queue a few times, to get as many udhi packets as they want. Biyadiya saw this and probably thought that it was expected of him, too. He rushed between the railings, and since he is too short to reach the counter, peeped in through the door and asked "udhi ideya?". The good-humored man behind the counter gave him a packet too. We all had a good laugh.
That same day, we left for Tryambakeshwar, the second jyotirlinga in our list. We spent the night at T., and early next morning, we had the darshan. The temple is very beautiful, situated amidst lush green hills, from where the river Godavari takes her birth. Soon after darshan, I had my first batata vada, which was to be my staple diet for the next couple of days.
Our next destination was Nasik. There are about nine temples there, but the place that moved me the most was the river Godavari. Till we got to the very edge of the river, I felt like we were going to enter another temple. Then suddenly, there were steps leading to the water, children bathing and throwing water on one another playfully. Little Biyadiya wanted to go and play in the water, too. He stood on the first step that had water and jumped about until his trousers were wet and muddy. Godavari was really dirty, but beautiful in its own way. I got goosebumps at the thought that Sita had, once upon a time, bathed here. I repeated the line "janakatanayA-snAna-puNyOdakeShu" to myself umpteen times while performing a short puja and let a lamp adorned with flowers, float on the water. Who cares what Karunanidhi says? Sita existed, and still exists in the hearts of billions of Indians! My thoughts went on similar lines, until Biyadiya pointed at the diving kids and cried "Takeshi's castle!" and brought me out of my reverie.
I took in as many sights as I could, trying not to miss anything, but eighty percent of my faculties were engaged in keeping Biyadiya from wandering too far from us. (He is perfectly at home with large crowds and he loves anything connected with water - takes after me and not his Dad, in that aspect.) While traveling in Washington, D.C., I had seen a lady who had two kids tethered to her. I had found it a little odd at that moment, but two days into this trip, I was wondering if I could find a tether that would be easy on both our tummies. It is another matter that I could not find one, but brought Biyadiya safely back to Bangalore.
In the next part of this series, I will write about the Ashtavinayaka temples and Bhimashankar and our journey back.
From Shani Shinganapur we went to Ellora, stopping briefly at Bibi ka Maqbara. Ellora was something out of a dream. "Unbelievable" and "Magnificent" only begin to describe the temples. We first went to the Jain caves, which are located atop a hill. One could see that the sculptors paid a lot of attention to detail. For instance, Indra and Kubera were always shown being a little on the fatter side. From the size of the temples, it is evident that they were not just used for religious purposes. Near the temple of Kailasanatha, there is a beautiful waterfall. There is a lookout point built in the temple, from where one can have a fine view of the waterfall. There are also stone steps leading to the small lake formed by the waterfall. To me, this was a classic example of understanding Nature, using it to the fullest, but not defiling it. I wondered how this place was, a thousand years ago on the day of a fair, say. It was probably teeming with devotees, noblemen, dancers and shops, the what-have-yous. Will a tourist, thousand years hence, visiting, say Vidhanasaudha, also wonder the same way? Only Time will tell.
From Ellora, we came to Ghrishneshwar, my first Jyotirlinga. The sanctum was crowded, it was hot and we were tired. The temple itself is pretty recent, but the concept of jyotirlingas has been in Indian lore for more than a thousand years. The beauty of jyotirlingas is that they are distributed all over India, like the Shaktipeethas . There are other groups of temples which are located within a few hundred miles of one another, like the navagraha temples and the panchabhUtasthalas in Tamil Nadu, but these places do not inspire the same kind of awe in me.
The next day was reserved for Shirdi. We roamed the whole day in the temple complex (which, IMO, comprised the whole village in Sai Baba's time), Dwarakamai and a couple of other small temples. After the darshan, we went to get some udhi. The procedure is this. You go in a queue, and each person gets one small packet of udhi. As far as my knowledge goes, udhi cannot be bought anywhere. People go in the queue a few times, to get as many udhi packets as they want. Biyadiya saw this and probably thought that it was expected of him, too. He rushed between the railings, and since he is too short to reach the counter, peeped in through the door and asked "udhi ideya?". The good-humored man behind the counter gave him a packet too. We all had a good laugh.
That same day, we left for Tryambakeshwar, the second jyotirlinga in our list. We spent the night at T., and early next morning, we had the darshan. The temple is very beautiful, situated amidst lush green hills, from where the river Godavari takes her birth. Soon after darshan, I had my first batata vada, which was to be my staple diet for the next couple of days.
Our next destination was Nasik. There are about nine temples there, but the place that moved me the most was the river Godavari. Till we got to the very edge of the river, I felt like we were going to enter another temple. Then suddenly, there were steps leading to the water, children bathing and throwing water on one another playfully. Little Biyadiya wanted to go and play in the water, too. He stood on the first step that had water and jumped about until his trousers were wet and muddy. Godavari was really dirty, but beautiful in its own way. I got goosebumps at the thought that Sita had, once upon a time, bathed here. I repeated the line "janakatanayA-snAna-puNyOdakeShu" to myself umpteen times while performing a short puja and let a lamp adorned with flowers, float on the water. Who cares what Karunanidhi says? Sita existed, and still exists in the hearts of billions of Indians! My thoughts went on similar lines, until Biyadiya pointed at the diving kids and cried "Takeshi's castle!" and brought me out of my reverie.
I took in as many sights as I could, trying not to miss anything, but eighty percent of my faculties were engaged in keeping Biyadiya from wandering too far from us. (He is perfectly at home with large crowds and he loves anything connected with water - takes after me and not his Dad, in that aspect.) While traveling in Washington, D.C., I had seen a lady who had two kids tethered to her. I had found it a little odd at that moment, but two days into this trip, I was wondering if I could find a tether that would be easy on both our tummies. It is another matter that I could not find one, but brought Biyadiya safely back to Bangalore.
In the next part of this series, I will write about the Ashtavinayaka temples and Bhimashankar and our journey back.
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